Новые исследования Neolamprologus pulcher

[janis]

 

 

Not everything is inherited

By Ad Konings

Barbara Taborsky and colleagues recently published a very important paper reporting research they performed with Neolamprologus pulcher. Her team has been carrying out many behavioral studies of this popular Tanganyikan cichlid, because of the fact that a brooding pair receives help from other, unrelated individuals in protecting their offspring. This time they investigated whether the fish's environment in the early days of its life is able to reprogram their brains, like it does in humans. And, amazingly enough, it does! They took 10-day-old fry (just in the free-swimming stage) from six different broods and split each brood in two equal halves. One half was left with the parents (some including helpers) while the other half were kept just among themselves without any adult fish. After two months the adult fish were removed and all groups were raised to adulthood under identical circumstances. After one and a half years—they are sexually adult in 12 months—the brains of 36 fish were sampled (16 grown with parents and 20 without). Taborsky et al. compared the expression level of four of the genes that are involved in stress responsiveness related to social behavior and found that, even after 1.5 years, there was a distinct difference in expression levels in these hormones (which were not related to sex or social status of the individual). This means that the environment, in this case the presence or absence of parents, in early childhood permanently programs the fish's brain! For years there has been a discussion going on whether stripping larvae from mouth-brooding females (mostly those of Tropheus) produce offspring that is not adept in raising young themselves when adult and that they need to be "imprinted" to learn the process of mouth-brooding. Now we know that indeed the first days of the fish's life are very important for the proper programming of its brains and that the environment has an important influence on this process.

 

 

Taborsky, Barbara & Linda Tschirren, Clémence Meunier and Nadia Aubin-Horth. 2013. "Stable reprogramming of brain transcription profiles by the early social environment in a cooperatively breeding fish". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B. v. 280(n. 1753), pp. 1-7

[ЦЫЦ]

 

 

Not everything is inherited

By Ad Konings

Barbara Taborsky and colleagues recently published a very important paper reporting research they performed with Neolamprologus pulcher. Her team has been carrying out many behavioral studies of this popular Tanganyikan cichlid, because of the fact that a brooding pair receives help from other, unrelated individuals in protecting their offspring. This time they investigated whether the fish's environment in the early days of its life is able to reprogram their brains, like it does in humans. And, amazingly enough, it does! They took 10-day-old fry (just in the free-swimming stage) from six different broods and split each brood in two equal halves. One half was left with the parents (some including helpers) while the other half were kept just among themselves without any adult fish. After two months the adult fish were removed and all groups were raised to adulthood under identical circumstances. After one and a half years—they are sexually adult in 12 months—the brains of 36 fish were sampled (16 grown with parents and 20 without). Taborsky et al. compared the expression level of four of the genes that are involved in stress responsiveness related to social behavior and found that, even after 1.5 years, there was a distinct difference in expression levels in these hormones (which were not related to sex or social status of the individual). This means that the environment, in this case the presence or absence of parents, in early childhood permanently programs the fish's brain! For years there has been a discussion going on whether stripping larvae from mouth-brooding females (mostly those of Tropheus) produce offspring that is not adept in raising young themselves when adult and that they need to be "imprinted" to learn the process of mouth-brooding. Now we know that indeed the first days of the fish's life are very important for the proper programming of its brains and that the environment has an important influence on this process.

 

 

Taborsky, Barbara & Linda Tschirren, Clémence Meunier and Nadia Aubin-Horth. 2013. "Stable reprogramming of brain transcription profiles by the early social environment in a cooperatively breeding fish". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B. v. 280(n. 1753), pp. 1-7

Не все наследуется

По Ad Konings

Барбара Taborsky и его коллеги недавно опубликовали очень важные исследования отчетности бумаги они выполнены с Neolamprologus Pulcher . Ее команда осуществляет много поведенческих исследований этого популярного Tanganyikan цихлид , из-за того, что задумчивый пара получает помощь от других, не связанных лиц и организаций в защите их потомство. На этот раз они исследовали, может ли среде рыбы в первые дни своей жизни способен перепрограммировать их мозги , как это происходит в организме человека. И, как ни удивительно , это делает! Они взяли 10 -дневных мальков ( только на стадии свободное плавание ) из шести различных выводков и разделить каждый выводок на две равные половины. Одна половина осталась с родителями ( некоторые в том числе помощники ) , а другая половина были сохранены только между собой без взрослых рыб . После двух месяцев взрослые рыбы были удалены и все группы были подняты во взрослую жизнь в одинаковых условиях . После полутора лет - они сексуально взрослых в течение 12 месяцев - мозги 36 рыб были отобраны (16 выросли с родителями и 20 без ) . Taborsky др. . сравнили уровень экспрессии четырех генов , которые участвуют в стресс- реагирования , связанные с социальным поведением и обнаружили, что , даже после 1,5 лет , было четкое различие в уровнях экспрессии в этих гормонов ( которые не были связаны с сексом или социального статуса человек ) . Это означает, что среда , в данном случае наличие или отсутствие родителей , в раннем детстве Постоянно программы мозг рыбы ! В течение многих лет имело место обсуждение происходит ли зачистки личинок из уст - задумчивый женщин (в основном те из Tropheus ) производить потомство , которое не умело в повышении молодой себя, когда взрослый и что они должны быть " впечатывается ", чтобы узнать процесс рта - задумчивый . Теперь мы знаем, что на самом деле в первые дни жизни рыбы очень важны для правильного программирования своих мозгов и что окружающая среда оказывает существенное влияние на этот процесс.

 

 

Taborsky , Барбара и Линда Tschirren , Клеманс Менье и Надя Обен - Хорт . 2013 года. " Стабильный перепрограммирование профилей мозг транскрипции к началу социальной среды в кооперативно рыбоводства " . Труды Королевского общества в Лондоне В. против 280 (п. 1753) , стр. 1-7